Trauma Case Rep. 2025 Nov 16;60:101272. doi: 10.1016/j.tcr.2025.101272. eCollection 2025 Dec.

Traumatic injuries and procedures under anesthesia can both predispose patients to altered mental status for many reasons. In this case, a 21 year old man presented with an isolated femur fracture and developed paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after surgical fixation. This case highlights the diagnostic considerations when a trauma patient develops dysautonomia and altered mental status and explores therapeutic options for treating a patient with sympathetic storming.

PubMed:41328440 | PMC:PMC12664970 | DOI:10.1016/j.tcr.2025.101272